The article is divided into two parts “Classification of Financial Control and Audit in the Russian Federation” and “Standardization of Financial Control and Audit in the Russian Federation”. The first part of the article proposes a classification of financial control types in the Russian Federation by sectors of economy (public and corporate). The analysis of the laws and regulations of the Russian Federation permits the author to single out objects, subjects and elements of all financial control types in the commercial sector. The article reviews different viewpoints on interpreting such notions as “corporate financial internal control”, “internal management control”, “internal audit” and substantiates the special position and features of external audit in the national system of financial control. The second part of the article provides a classification of standards of public financial control developed by International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) by how detailed they are. It analyses to what extent these standards are implemented in Russia and reviews the key international standards on the models of internal control in a company (COSO, COBIT, ITIL, etc.). In addition the author offers a classification of standards of auditing, provides a review of international audit standards and the evolution of national audit standards in the Russian Federation and finally describes the standards on the activity of self regulatory organizations of auditors and corporate internal audit standards.