The scientific school of corporate business analysis at the Financial University defines business analysis as a systematic process to identify and assess business problems, propose solutions, and support the implementation of change projects. Unlike the traditional approach, which focuses on decision-making within existing change initiatives, corporate business analysis integrates domestic economic analysis with strategic principles and stakeholder perspectives. It begins with understanding the needs of key stakeholders and relies on the extensive information provided by accounting, financial, and managerial reports, as well as all forms of organizational reporting. Project business analysis serves as a crucial final stage in this process.

This article explores the key areas shaping the future of economic analysis. The evolving Russian economy, marked by digital transformation, shifting goals, and a move away from resource-based to technology-driven models, has given rise to three critical analytical frontiers. The first is predictive analytics. This approach encompasses strategic assessments, revenue forecasting, investment modeling, dividend analysis, external capital needs, profit simulations, stress testing, and fundamental cost calculations. It evaluates forecast accuracy to guide informed decision-making. The second is ESG analysis. This evaluates a company’s impact on economic, social, and environmental factors. It measures capital value, assesses social and environmental impacts, and analyzes value distribution. This methodology determines the company’s development path and ESG maturity stage, promoting sustainable growth. The third is transformational process analysis. At the meso level, it identifies high-value activities driving economic growth. Prioritizing these activities shapes a new economic model. At the micro level, it evaluates transformation prerequisites, innovation, investments, and success metrics like added value, productivity, and localization. This research is valuable for investors, creditors, and government agencies shaping industrial policy. It provides insights into economic trends and strategies for sustainable growth.

This article explores the evolution of accounting, its scientific foundations, and the impact of historical concepts on its development. It is a thought-provoking piece designed to engage practitioners and spur discussions about the future of accounting in our country. We examine potential paths for accounting’s advancement in the age of automated production and management. Our goal is to categorize different types of accounting, align them with current paradigms, and evaluate the prospects for accounting as a scientific discipline. We employ a systematic approach, logical analysis, legal and linguistic methods, and hypothesis testing. The results offer a classification of existing accounting models and explain their key typological distinctions. We delve into the scientific basis and theoretical principles of accounting. We also critique the regulatory function of our domestic accounting system. In Russia, regulatory documents have blurred the lines between accounting, financial accounting, and related reporting types. Historically, accounting has focused on property protection and profit calculation, defined as the difference between income and expenses over a period. We advocate returning to fundamental accounting and reporting models, including the derivative financial accounting and reporting model. This study will be valuable to researchers and practitioners interested in accounting science and methodology. By developing scientifically grounded approaches to accounting and reporting, we enhance effective management across all levels.

Metallurgy is the cornerstone of the global economy. The distribution of key metal production by country reveals the global balance of productive forces. The journey to economic dominance has always started with a strong metallurgical foundation, which supported industries such as mechanical engineering, construction, and transport. An independent economy cannot exist without its own metal production, so analyzing the history of metal smelting provides insights into global industrial shifts and the rise of new economic centers. This study aims to examine the dynamics and structure of global metal smelting over the past half-century. The research constructs and analyzes time series data on ferrous and non-ferrous metal smelting by major producers from 1960 to 2023. It focuses on both immediate production trends and the key countries involved. Key chronological sections are identified, detailing the current situation, dynamics, and changes compared to previous periods. Statistical analysis reveals that following the global crises of 1973 and 1979, as well as the dissolution of the Soviet bloc, the global metallurgy industry underwent significant structural changes. The center of global production shifted from Western countries to developing nations, particularly China. This trend continues today: production in Europe and the USA is declining while Asia and Africa are seeing increased output.

The significance of this study lies in the necessity of efficient accounts receivable management, utilizing both external and internal reports. This approach ensures the company’s profitability and mitigates the risk of bankruptcy. The study aims to develop strategies for effective accounts receivable management, leveraging accounting statements and specialized services, and to assess the impact of accounts receivable on key economic indicators through financial analysis. Research objectives include: a system to reduce accounts receivable proposal; methodological approach for implementing this system development; factors influencing accounts receivable composition and structure identification; the impact of accounts receivable structure, growth rate, and turnover on the company’s financial health evaluation; a strategy for cumulative accounts receivable management, considering each factor’s influence creation. The methodology employs general and specific scientific methods, a logical approach, balance sheet analysis, systematic thinking, and factor analysis. The company’s financial condition is assessed using accounts receivable restructuring and shortening repayment periods. The potential of banking solutions, such as factoring, to reduce overdue accounts receivable is also explored. The study’s results present a comprehensive system of measures for efficient accounts receivable management. This system integrates financial statement data and digital services. The considered accounts receivable control methods and their economic evaluation enable the development of a new indicator-based management methodology. This includes metrics like turnover of paid and total accounts receivable, the ratio of repaid accounts receivable, and others. These indicators enhance the monitoring system for debtor settlements, effectively manage accounts receivable, and devise debt collection strategies in economically unstable conditions.

The growing demand for high-quality and relevant auditing by the state, society, and business underscores the importance of digitalizing auditing practices. Enhancing the profession’s social and business standing, as well as upholding its core values, is paramount. This necessitates fostering an IT mindset among young professionals, helping them grasp the benefits of digital transformation, the potential of artificial intelligence, and the role of big data analytics in managing audit risks. This article aims to provide a retrospective analysis of the digital technologies currently in use and those with promising potential for automating audit processes. It also highlights the need to refine the methodology of digitalizing auditing and to introduce digital products that elevate the profession to a new level. The study examines the factors, challenges, and opportunities driving the acceleration of digitalization in auditing, drawing on analytical reviews, scientific research, and monitoring of digital technology adoption. The most soughtafter software tools, including those for related services, are identified. The work emphasizes the auditors’ high social responsibility for the accuracy of financial statements and the importance of expanding digital information resources. It underscores the need for increased research to provide a conceptual and applied foundation for digitalizing auditing. An examination of best practices reveals that digital solutions enhance not only financial statement audits but also the overall quality management system and the range of audit services. The introduction of new international audit quality management standards has significantly raised the requirements for digital technologies, audit networks, information and communication systems, and risk management. This analysis provides a valuable direction for improving the conceptual and applied aspects of using digital technologies in auditing.

Today domestic entities operate under the conditions of environmental challenges significant influence, which are predominantly negative and unpredictable. The study of the challenges on the financial and economic organization activities impact makes it possible to justify the need to transform the business model in such way that it is resistant to environmental risks through the use of internal control tools. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current challenges of the external environment and their impact on the internal control system of an economic entity. The information base of this study was regulatory documents and guidelines in the field of integrated reporting, internal control, risk management, as well as publications in periodicals of Russian scientists in the framework of this area. The methodological aspects of the internal control tools application are considered based on the materials presented in the open sources of PJSC Tatneft. In the course of the work, such research methods as comparative analysis of domestic sources on the object under consideration, as well as abstract logical analysis, grouping and generalization were used. The procedure includes the use of theoretical methods set that make it possible to study internal control and its components as a complex and multifunctional object and to form recommendations for their adaptation to modern conditions of financial and economic activity. The relationship between modern challenges and environmental factors according to the COSO concept, as well as scientific views on the types of internal control tools were observed in the article. The insufficiency of the list of risks recommended for disclosure in Information No. PZ-9/2012 “On Disclosure of information on the risks of an organization’s business activities in the Annual Accounting statements” was revealed. The author proposed to expand the understanding of the environmental factor “Society” in the COSO concept, as well as to introduce “New factors” into the system that the company had not previously identified. From the author’s point of view it was recommended to supplement the methodology of supervision (monitoring) as an internal control tool in order to form a complete representation of the external environment risks and ensure timely response to them. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that its can be applied both from the point of theoretical and methodological components view in the internal control practice by domestic enterprises.

The article explores the historical development of the “Accounting, Analysis, Audit” scientific school at the State University of Management, which has been active for over 106 years. The study’s relevance lies in the need to enhance economic education in accounting, auditing, control, and taxation to boost the economic efficiency of specialists in these fields, considering industry-specific requirements and cost formation. The research’s novelty lies in analyzing historical training experiences of specialists with engineering and economic backgrounds and offering recommendations for improving their education. The Institute of Engineering and Economics has long been a leader in linking educational and analytical processes with production cycle modeling at various stages, from procurement to assembly. Accounting and analytical processes form the foundation for information support for management at all levels, from production units to integrated enterprises producing finished products. The study aims to justify the directions for enhancing the training of specialists in accounting, auditing, and control. It employs comparative and analytical methods, analyzing historical literature, normative legal acts, and relevant sources. Based on the historical development of engineering and economic education, the author concludes that modern conditions require utilizing the State University of Management’s historical experience. This will improve management training in accounting, analysis, state audit, and control by combining accounting, tax, and engineering education.