Currently organizations of the military-industrial complex do not possess adequate methodological means to draw up an educated position in order to coordinate the labor-output ratio with the experts of the military representative office of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The military product pricing should be carried out by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in compliance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation № 612 “On introduction of changes in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation № 804, 1995/11/08” dated 2014/03/07. The aim of the research conducted by the authors is to inform all interested parties about the new methodological approach, the practical application of which provides the more valid basis to assess the labor consumption of conducting scientific research and increase the accuracy of estimated price of research and development work. In order to ensure the practical application of methodological approach the following tasks are solved: analysis of currently available publications on the subject and justification of the need to improve the existing methodological tools; description of the essence and contents of the approach; constructing analytical dependences to computerize the calculation the labor-output ratio, and developing the structure for input database. To develop the methodological approach the authors use the method of systemic analysis of scientific product creating process. This method assumes that the scientific research is represented as a combination of tasks and subtasks of different level of the research decomposition and actions to solve them and is used together with a balance method involving the labor resources allocation between tasks and subtasks. The proposed methodological approach is based on the analysis of the authors’ experience gained in the course of preparation and application of methodological guidelines to form the state contract initial price and of giving an opinion on the estimated prices by NPO “Basalt” economic planning experts. The above approach is going to be applied by NPO “Basalt” to plan the labor consumption when conducting scientific research and to form an expert opinion on pricing scientific product by the military representative office of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

The article discusses some approaches to valuation of intellectual capital and intangible assets. It also considers the following approaches to pricing the work on creating new technologies: normative, adaptive, program-target and program ones. The authors propose the method of calculating the cost of intangible assets created on the base of intellectual property. These intangible assets are designed both for improving already existing technologies and for developing fundamentally new products or innovative technologies. This method of calculating the value of intangible assets which were created as a result of innovative projects can be used in pricing R&D contracts. In this case its main component is the expected result of placing the created intangibles on the market. Thus, the method provides incentive for researchers to create market oriented output of R&D projects.

For the external users financial statements of an enterprise are the most important source of information about its financial condition. Changes in market value, solvency and creditworthiness, profitability, financial stability, and a number of other criteria of the company’s development are estimated on the basis of the reporting ratios and indicators dynamics. In the near future IFRS 15 “Revenue under contracts with customers” and IFRS 16 “Leases” will be introduced. In this regard, the main purpose of the article is to identify the most important trends in changes of the financial situation of organizations reporting under IFRS resulting from the application of IFRS 15 and IFRS 16. The transition to IFRS 15 and IFRS 16, aimed at improving the quality and reliability of financial statements, is likely to lead to significant changes in the statement of financial position and the statement of comprehensive income of organizations that report under IFRS. After transition to IFRS 15, the organizations that recognize revenues under multicomponent contracts may face the need to recognize them in different periods - when the obligations to the buyer are met. The application of IFRS 16 to operating leases will result in change of the composition and the structure of the statement of financial position. Most of these changes will have a negative impact on the dynamics of operational efficiency indicators (such as EBIT, EBITDA, operating profit), as well as a number of financial ratios (liquidity ratios, financial stability, profitability, etc.). To prevent and level out the possible problems associated with the transition to the new standards, the organization’s management should: (a) identify the possible problems before applying the new standards; (b) analyze the existing contracts, form professional judgments regarding the timing, magnitude and other aspects of their recognition; (c) take into account the increase in volume of information to be disclosed and explain the “nature” of the negative dynamics of a number of financial indicators caused by the transition to IFRS 15 and IFRS 16 to the interested parties.

The most important direction of sustainable development of agriculture is agricultural and industrial integration, which can be defined as an economic, informational, organizational and technological association of the enterprises of agriculture with the processing, transportation, servicing and other entities. A complicated multi-level management system, diversified operating activity, wide geography of markets of agricultural produce, regionalization of integrated agricultural enterprises participants call for higher information capacity of accounting and reporting and the formation of discrete and relevant information on the activities of the separate segments of agricultural holdings. Segments of agricultural structures activity often include a lot of interconnected enterprises which are independent legal entities. That is why it is necessary to aggregate the accounting information for the whole group of economic entities forming a segment which is presented as a single economic unit for accounting and reporting purposes. In order to solve this problem the authors developed a method of forming the consolidated information by segments of activity, the special feature of which is a set of procedures involving four interrelated steps: 1) preparatory - defining reporting segments in accordance with the segmentation criteria, working out of uniform accounting policies for segmental reporting purposes, developing indicators and a format of segmented reporting; 2) basic - specification of indicators and formats of worksheets, transformational tables and forms of reporting, collecting the separate statements of the segments, transforming the separate reported information from the analytical forms of the segment participants, followed by elimination of intercompany turnover; 3) consolidating - formation of summary reports and correction tables, consolidated statements, data transfer from the consolidated statements to the forms of segmental reporting; 4) analytical - verification for compliance with the consistency principle and preparing notes to the consolidated segmented information. This method makes it possible to form the aggregated data on financial and economic activities of each segment of an agricultural holding as a single entity in order to search for economic reserves, increase profitability of the business units, assess the level of competitiveness and attractiveness of the segments in the markets and select the optimal range of agricultural products.

The article describes the sampling techniques to verify the quality of performance of auditing tasks and duties, among which it is advisable to use non-statistical and varied sampling methods. During the selection of the tasks for sampling methods, the following benchmarks can be chosen as the example: groups of the auditors of an organization; specialization of the entities that undergo the auditory check up; the type of service rendered; the cost of auditing tasks. When analyzing the selected sample of aggregate concept and design it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the auditing quality control activities. Its main idea is the fact that, unlike auditing, inspection methods are of a more formal approach. Exploring the working papers of auditors, quality controllers use one of the methods of quality control of auditors - the inspection of the automation of the planning process for each specific task. During the test, the external quality controllers assess the level of automation of the work of the auditors. You can use different approaches to this assessment, for example, the introduction of a three-point scale computerization of the work of the auditors. For external supervisors it is important to check the quality of the auditing plan and the auditing program of an organization. The described methods of quality control of the individual planning of auditing tasks ensure at least the minimum confidence in the effectiveness of such planning.

The creation of corporations, holding companies, interregional industrial and other sectoral groups in the form of voluntary businesses alliance work in a particular market and the old management methods don’t satisfy either the owners or the management any longer. The article reveals the ways of formalization of the collection, generalization, classification, qualification and control processes. The necessity to reform the existing model of business management by improving control functions of the management system was proved in the article. It was mentioned in the article that much more attention is paid to the cost-benefit control but not to the methods of cost formation. The author suggests an individually developed control environment model which takes into account all the peculiarities of enterprise engineering which in turn is based on the principles of targeting, consistency, hierarchy, complexity, continuity, autonomy, apperception, adaptability, etc. The author’s conceptual model includes the setting of goals and objectives that are necessary to solve the task, as well as analysis procedures and operational control models. The article focuses on the control procedures of the proposed conceptual model, which have the opportunities to provide internal users with useful information and to organize feedback on risks monitoring through the integration of control systems with accounting, budgeting and analysis in the process of gathering information for decision making.

The article deals with the features of formation of the accounting strategy of the company as a factor in the management of business value. From the point of view of financial theory, the indicative financial strategy depends on the content of the account strategy, the adequacy of the company’s mission and the financial interests of the owners. Information of accounting, analysis and auditing should become the methodological basis for planning, budgeting and forward-looking strategies of money indicators, normative cost, economic analysis and internal control in competitive conditions and in case of the gradual lifting of the excessive companies (economically unjustified) legal restrictions of limitations on the choice of accounting policies and methods of evaluation indicators of financial statements.

Geophysical work is an integral precursor of fossil fuel mining. The costs generated by geophysical enterprises within the orders are transferred to the extracting enterprises. Timeliness of determining the true amount of costs of a geophysical enterprise is an essential factor affecting the current evaluation of the order. In geophysics there are branch peculiarities of the organization of cost accounting. The article deals with the conditions for performing geophysical works and the possibility of obtaining relevant information. A scheme is developed for the formation of information on the costs of a geophysical enterprise within the order. It is established that the practical basis for distribution of general production expenses does not accurately reflect their inclusion in the composition of costs for the types of work performed for individual orders. It is proposed to clarify the basis for the distribution of general production costs. Theoretical conclusions are confirmed by calculations. The change in the conditions for the formation of costs in the performance of geophysical work raises the validity of their calculation for individual orders, which makes it possible to clarify the profitability of each order and the timeliness of calculating the profit tax of geophysical enterprises.

The article is devoted to studying the influence of demand and changes in the exchange rate on the dynamics of industrial production in Russia. The purpose of this article is to determine the power of interrelation between the dynamics of industrial production and the changes in internal and external demand for manufactured goods and determining the impact of fluctuations in the national currency regarding this interrelation. As the research data, such indices of industrial production as the index of industrial production, commodity turnover by types of economic activity, price indices, the volume of exports and imports of industrial goods according to the customs statistics, and the average annual exchange rates are used. The objects of the research are the main branches of industrial production in Russia, which are represented in accordance with the international classifications of economic activity. As the research tools there were used common methods of transformation, grouping, graphical and tabular visualization of data, as well as the methods of statistical analysis, the formation of meaningful statistical indicators, and the index method. The application of grouping by means of transitional keys to the initial data of customs statistics allows us to ensure the consistency of the movement data of the goods across the border with their production within the country. This allows us to create new statistical meaningful indicators that characterize the demand for goods produced by separate industries. The use of index methods to analyze industrial production data and the obtained indicators provides an opportunity to assess the influence of demand factors and changes in the exchange rate on the dynamics of the industrial production. The use of the described indicators estimating the demand for industrial goods makes it possible to explain deeper and more significantly the trends in the dynamics of industrial production. On the basis of the analysis, it is concluded that in most industries, the import substitution processes are traced, the effect of which is 3 to 10 percentage points, depending on the industry. The analysis of the dynamics also suggests that in the forthcoming years, while maintaining the policies aimed at developing domestic demand and maintaining efforts for import substitution, growth trends will become more pronounced.

The article focuses on the social significance of accounting and ethics as its integral part as well as on the way a religion influences the development of accounting principles and practices. Social, ethical and religious aspects of accounting development are considered on the example of the Islamic accounting model. Currently, this model is the only one that was formed and is still developing under the strong influence of the religious factor. In Islamic society the development of accounting theory is mainly based on the provisions of the Islamic law (Shari’a) though it may also use as a basis other principles which do not contradict Shari’a. The article discusses the Code of Ethics adopted by Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic financial institutions. The most attention is paid to the principle of “Maslahat”, which is a guide for accountants in making decisions in the situations involving conflict of interest. The article considers the issues of social responsibility, accountability and disclosure of information from the viewpoint of Islamic accounting.